When are controllers with 3 or 4 rings typically used?

Controllers with 3 or 4 rings are typically utilized when two or more separate intersections are controlled by a single controller. This setup allows for more complex traffic signal management and coordination, enabling efficient handling of multiple traffic flows that intersect at various points.

Using a controller with multiple rings helps optimize traffic movements by allowing different phases for various directions, which is essential when coordinating signals across multiple intersections. For instance, this type of controller can manage turning movements, through traffic, and pedestrian signals more effectively, ensuring smoother traffic flow and reducing delays.

While busy intersections, peak traffic hours, and pedestrian signal controls are relevant in the context of signal management, they do not specifically pertain to the use of 3 or 4 ring controllers. These controllers serve a specific function of managing multiple intersections or traffic flows rather than just addressing the overall volume of traffic or pedestrian crossings alone.