Using fully actuated systems instead of non-actuated can serve which two main purposes?

The choice highlighting the better balance of volume-to-capacity ratios and decreased split failures accurately captures the key advantages of utilizing fully actuated traffic signal systems.

Fully actuated systems are designed to modify signal timing based on real-time traffic conditions. This responsiveness enables them to adapt effectively to varying levels of traffic demand, allowing them to optimize the flow for both vehicles and pedestrians, thus balancing the volume of vehicles approaching an intersection with its maximum capacity. This is crucial in maintaining efficient traffic flow, as a well-timed signal can mitigate the risks of congestion and improve overall system performance.

Additionally, fully actuated signals are less prone to split failures because they can dynamically adjust their timing according to actual traffic patterns. This feature enhances their reliability, ensuring that the traffic signals effectively manage traffic even during peak periods or unexpected surges in vehicle volume, which is a common scenario on busy roads.

By focusing on these two areas—balancing volume-to-capacity ratios and reducing split failures—fully actuated systems create a more effective and responsive traffic management solution, making them preferable over non-actuated systems in many scenarios.